Newborn Care Knowledge, Practices and Attitude among Caregivers of Newborns and Young Infants Attending a Regional Referral Hospital in Chengalpattu District – A Cross-Sectional Study
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Abstract
Background: Neonatal mortality remains a significant public health challenge globally, with India accounting for approximately 23% of all neonatal deaths worldwide. Inadequate knowledge and inappropriate practices regarding newborn care among caregivers contribute substantially to preventable neonatal deaths. Understanding caregiver knowledge, practices, and attitudes is essential for developing targeted interventions to improve newborn survival rates.
Objective: To assess the knowledge, practices, and attitudes of caregivers regarding newborn and infant care attending a regional referral hospital in Chengalpattu District, and to determine the influence of demographic and socioeconomic factors on caregivers' newborn care practices.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted over six months at the Department of Pediatrics, Shri Sathya Sai Medical College, Ammapettai, and Shri Sathya Sai Primary Health Centre, Thirukazhikundram. The study included 170 caregivers of newborns and infants up to one year of age. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire covering demographic information, knowledge of newborn care, care practices, and attitudes. Convenience sampling was employed, and data were analyzed using SPSS.
Results: The study revealed significant gaps in caregiver knowledge regarding essential newborn care practices. Key findings indicated variations in knowledge based on educational level, occupation, and place of residence. Specific areas of concern included timing of breastfeeding initiation, exclusive breastfeeding practices, cord care management, and recognition of danger signs in newborns. Demographic factors such as maternal education and socioeconomic status significantly influenced care practices.
Conclusion: This study highlights critical knowledge gaps and suboptimal practices among caregivers regarding newborn care in Chengalpattu District. Targeted educational interventions, culturally sensitive counseling programs, and strengthening of community-based support systems are essential to improve caregiver knowledge and practices, ultimately reducing neonatal morbidity and mortality.